A fiery force beneath the ocean is reshaping Tonga’s Home Reef, growing an island through eruptions over the past few years.

Soft corals top hard ones, algae and sponges paint the rocks, and every ... up to a foot a year. The reef continuously erodes as well, worn down by waves, ocean chemistry, and organisms that ...

Record ocean heat has taken a devastating toll on one of the world’s greatest natural wonders, with coral bleaching on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef reaching “catastrophic” levels ...