It is a multi-stage disease with the maldevelopment and/or dysfunction of distinct trophoblast lineages of the placenta at the center of the disease. Villous and extravillous trophoblast (EVT) ...

CTAs were reviewed to assess the carotid stenosis and the anatomy of the aortic arch. The left carotid artery was classified as normal if it originated from the aortic arch and as bovine if it ...

The outstanding structural diversity of the placenta among mammals, i.e. horse, pig, domestic ruminants, cat. Guinea pig and human, has been studied in a comparative manner using terms of ...

During this stage, uterine contractions push the calf toward the birth canal. The conclusion of this stage is the rupture of the placenta and discharge of amber-colored fetal fluids—in other words, ...

Using excess force to remove a retained placenta could compromise the cow’s fertility due to damage caused by pulling on a placenta still attached to the uterus. If the cow appears healthy, often the ...

A debate about cow urine has been reignited after the director of the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras endorsed the “medicinal value” of gaumutra. V Kamakoti’s remarks at a recent event ...

Typically diagnosed during the first 10 days in milk, metritis is associated with other transition and fresh cow challenges. Several risk factors can alert producers to look for -- and better manage - ...

Shanahan MA and Bebbington MW. Placental anatomy and function in twin gestations. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2020; 47: 99–116. Quintero RA, Dickinson JE, Morales WJ, et al. Stage-based treatment of ...

The diagnostic value of the placenta is equal to – or even greater than – that of the fetus. The importance of the placenta in the diagnostic workup cannot be over-emphasized. Please collect it! 5.

Many authors of this review have collaborated with Dr. Hans Bohn, the discoverer of Placental Protein 13 (PP13), who passed away on January 25, 2014. We dedicate this manuscript to his memory. His ...