Ciliates are an important ecological component in the microbial food web, but few studies have been conducted on the spatial distribution of small-sized planktonic ciliate communities in the East ...

Motile cilia are hair-like cell extensions that beat periodically to generate fluid flow along various epithelial tissues within the body. In dense multiciliated carpets, cilia were shown to exhibit a ...

Because tropisms were typically conceptualized as unlearned stimulus-response mappings, the learning hypothesis was problematic for Loeb’s tropism-based theory of protozoan behavior. For example, ...

Microbial food web (MFW) in the seawater encompasses the smallest organisms: viruses, autotrophic prokaryotes and heterotrophic prokaryotes (HP), nanoflagellates, eukaryotic phytoplankton and ciliates ...