It is a multi-stage disease with the maldevelopment and/or dysfunction of distinct trophoblast lineages of the placenta at the center of the disease. Villous and extravillous trophoblast (EVT) ...

Results We found that OA progressed by both top-down calcification at the joint surface and bottom-up calcification at the osteochondral interface. The top-down calcification process started with ...

Vascular calcification is a detrimental aging pathology markedly accelerated in patients with chronic kidney disease. Prelamin A is a biomarker of vascular smooth muscle cell aging that accelerates ...

The concave zone of papillary calculi can contain a range of calcified lesions, from little HAP residues to typical well-developed HAP plaques, also known as Randall's plaques. The morphology of ...

heart valve calcification, placental calcification, nephrolithiasis, cholecystolithiasis, type III chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, and testicular microlithiasis. Electron microscopy ...