Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase/Complex I (I), Succinate dehydrogenase/Complex II (II) Coenzyme Q (QC), Cytochrome bc1/Complex III (III), ...

Enzymatic activities were quantified as previously described (Liu et al., 2019). Briefly, monocytes/macrophages were treated with 20 mM ethyl succinate or left untreated. Four biological replicates ...