The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), defined in Article 12 of the Protocol, allows a country with an emission-reduction or emission-limitation commitment under the Kyoto Protocol (Annex B Party) to ...

Enzyme mechanisms are the chemical transformations, and the steps within them, generated by enzymatic action on substrates. The mechanism of enzyme catalysis is similar in principle to other types ...

Figure 1 Mechanisms of pathogen avoidance. A variety of comprehensive mechanisms are in place to regulate pathogens avoidance, which include those caused by the alteration of aerotaxis, intestinal ...

Lissencephaly is a severe neurodevelopmental disease often caused by mutations in the Dcx gene. Using a human cellular model of lissencephaly, the authors report that DCX restricts neuronal ...

The most commonly mutated ALS-linked genes are reviewed with an emphasis on disease-causing mechanisms. The cellular processes involved in ALS pathogenesis are discussed, with evidence implicating ...

In this Review, we summarise common mechanisms driving acute and long-term side-effects and discuss monitoring strategies for radiotherapy survivors. We explore ways to mitigate toxic effects through ...